2023(甲) 天主之母节

童贞荣福玛利亚,天主之母
福音:路2:16-21

Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries

今天的福音是午夜弥撒中所读经文的延续。在耶稣的马槽旁,牧羊人再次出现。接到从天上来的消息后,他们去了伯利恒,在马槽里找到了若瑟、马利亚和婴儿。有人指出,他们没有发现任何不寻常的状况。他们只看到一个婴儿和祂的父亲和母亲在一起。然而,从那个需要帮助和保护的弱者那里,他们认出了救主。他们不需要特别的迹象;他们不验证奥迹和奇迹。牧羊人代表所有穷人和被排斥的人,他们几乎本能地承认白冷的婴孩是自天而来的默西亚。在耶稣诞生的场景中,我们看到牧羊人只是在观察——欣喜若狂——天主为他们所做的奇妙工作。然后他们向其他人宣布他们的喜悦,所有人都对他们所听到的感到惊讶(第 18 节)。

在路加福音的第一章,路加经常提到那些感到参与上帝计划的人的惊奇和巨大的快乐。依撒伯尔发现自己怀孕后,对所有人重复说: 这是天主为我所做的” (参看:路1:25)。西默盎和女先知亚纳赞美天主,是天主恩赐他们看到了为所有人民准备的救恩(路 2:30-38);玛利亚和若瑟也感到惊讶和困惑(路2:33,38)。他们都有一双婴孩般的眼睛和一颗婴孩般的心,与天父的举动相随。他们仍然受天父手势和微笑所吸引。祂笑了,因为他从父亲所做的一切中看出了他爱的迹象。 “因为天国正是属于这样的人——耶稣有一天说——谁若不像这个孩子一样,领受天主的国,决不能进入” (谷 10:14-15)。

路加福音将玛利亚描述为我们的姐妹,她与我们相似,完成了与我们相似的信仰之旅。这位玛利亚并不是我们恭敬的对象,她身上包裹着一团特权,在某些情况下,这些特权使她受人钦佩或被人嫉妒,但并不被人所爱。随着天主的计划逐渐显示出来,这里的重点是信仰和钦佩。 ”玛利亚把这一些话珍藏于心,反复思想 ” 当她听到,牧羊人是如何得知耶稣诞生的消息时。 玛丽“收集了一切事实”,将它们结合起来并抓住了意义,默思天主计划的实现。

玛利亚对她所承担的使命没有完整的了解。她逐渐意识到这一点。她对西默盎关于孩子所说的话感到惊奇。她几乎被吓了一跳(路2:33)。她对天主的作为感到惊奇,使徒和所有的人也是如此(路加9:43-45)。她不明白她圣子选择奉献自己,完成天父的事业(路 2:50)的言论,因为十二门徒很难理解老师的话:这些话的意思对他们来说仍然是个谜,他们不明白祂说的是什么” (路 18:34)。玛利亚虽然不明白,但她观察、沉思、反思,直到复活节之后(不是之前),她才明白了一切;她会清楚地看到通过她的任务展开的事情的意义。

路加在《宗徒大事录》开头,最后一次提到她。路加把她放在信友团体中间:宗徒一道,不断祈祷。“和他们一起的,还有一些女人,还有耶稣的母亲玛丽和他的兄弟”(宗1:14)。她相信了,因此蒙受祝福(路1:45)

今天的福音以关于割损礼的报道结束。通过这个仪式,耶稣正式成为以色列人的一份子。但这不是路加追忆这个事实的主要原因。他感兴趣的还有一个细节,就是给孩子起的名字,这个名字不是父母给取的,而是上天直接指定的。 记住以色列的这种文化背景,我们就能理解路加赋予孩子名字的重要性。他被称为耶稣,意思是“上主的拯救”。玛窦解释说:祂被取这样的名字,是因为“祂要把自己的百姓从他们的罪恶中拯救出来。”(玛1:21)

当我们与一个人建立关系时,我们会知道这个人的名字。当天主与我们对话时,祂表明祂的名字,显示了自己的身份。当祂给自己圣子取名时,天主说:祂是“拯救者”。祂什么都不做,祂所做的,只是拯救人。在福音中,这个名字被重复了 566 次,几乎是在提醒我们必须删除与这个名字不相符的天主形象。现在我们明白了为什么在旧约中,天主不许人读到祂的名号,因为只有在耶稣身上,祂才会告诉我们,那就是祂。

在路加福音中,有趣的是,那些直呼耶稣名字的人并非是义人,或是完美主义者,而是那些被边缘化的人,那些受邪魔压迫的。他们被魔鬼所束缚(路 4:34),癞病人说: “耶稣,老师,可怜我们吧” (路 17:13),瞎子说: “耶稣,达味之子,求祢怜悯我” (路18: 38),在祂旁边死在十字架上的罪犯: “耶稣,当祢进入祢的王国时,请记住我” (路23:42)。 伯多禄提醒祂子民的宗教领袖: “在天下人间,没有赐下别的名号,使我们藉着祂而获救”(宗 4:12)。

感谢 Armellini 神父提供文段用作分析

©全属于祢(Totus Tuus) & Claretian Missionaries(圣母圣心爱子会)

Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2023

Homily for NEW YEAR’S DAY in year A

THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, MOTHER OF GOD
Gospel: Luke 2:16-21


Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries

Today’s Gospel is a continuation of the passage read during the Midnight Mass. Beside the manger of Jesus, the shepherds again appear. Following the news received from heaven, they go to Bethlehem and find Joseph, Mary, and the baby in a manger. One notes that they do not find anything extraordinary. They see only a baby with his father and his mother. Nevertheless, from that weak being, needing help and protection, they recognize the Savior. They do not need extraordinary signs; they do not verify miracles and prodigies. The shepherds represent all the poor, the excluded that, almost by instinct, acknowledge in the baby of Bethlehem the Messiah from heaven. In that nativity scene, we see the shepherds simply observing—amazed in ecstasy—the marvelous work that God has done in their favor. Then they announced to others their joy and all were astonished at what they heard (v. 18).

In the first chapters of his Gospel, Luke often reveals the marvel and the immense joy of the persons who felt involved in the plan of God. Elizabeth, having discovered herself pregnant, repeats to all: “This for me is the Lord’s doing” (Lk 1:25). Simeon and prophetess Anna bless God who has granted them to see the salvation prepared for all the people (Lk 2:30-38); Mary and Joseph are also amazed and astonished (Lk 2:33,38). All of them have eyes and heart of a baby that accompanies with a glance each gesture of the father. He remains raptured by his gesture and smiles. He smiles because in all that the father does he catches a sign of his love. “For the Kingdom of God belong to such as these—Jesus says one day—and whoever does not receive the Kingdom of God like a child will not enter it” (Mk 10:14-15).

Luke’s gospel presents Mary as our sister who fulfilled a journey of faith, similar to ours. This Mary is not the object of our devotions wrapped in a cloud of privileges that in some cases made her admired or envied but not loved. The focus here is on faith and admiration as the plan of God was progressively getting revealed. “Mary treasured all these words, and pondered them in her heart” when she heard how the shepherds were informed of the birth of Jesus. Mary “gathered together all the facts,” bound them and captured the meaning and contemplated the realization of God’s plan.

Mary did not have a complete picture of the mission she had undertaken. She was progressively growing into that realization. She marvels at what Simeon said about the child. She is almost taken by surprise (Lk 2:33). She was amazed before God’s works, as were the apostles and all the people (Lk 9:43-45). She does not understand the words of her Son who chose to commit himself to the Father’s affairs (Lk 2:50) as the Twelve had difficulty in understanding the words of the Teacher: “They could make nothing of this; the meaning of these words remained a mystery to them, and they did not understand what he said” (Lk 18:34). Though Mary did not understand, she observed, meditated, reflected, and only after Easter (not before), did she come to understand everything; she would clearly see the meaning of what was unfolding through her mission.

Luke presents her for the last time at the beginning of the book of the Acts of the Apostles. He puts her in her place among the community of believers: The apostles together gave themselves to constant prayer. “With them were some women and also Mary, the mother of Jesus, and his brothers” (Acts 1:14). She was blessed because she believed (Lk 1:45).

Today’s Gospel concludes with the report on the circumcision. With this rite, Jesus officially enters to be part of the people of Israel. But this is not the principal reason for Luke to recall this fact. He is interested in another detail, the name given to the child, a name that was not chosen by the parents but was indicated directly from heaven. Keeping in mind this cultural context of Israel, we are able to understand the importance that Luke attributes to the name given to the child. He is called Jesus, which means “the Lord saves.” Matthew explains: he was called such because he will save his people from their sins (Mt 1:21).

When we enter into a relationship with a person, we learn the name of the person. When God enters into dialogue with us, he indicates his name and reveals his identity. Choosing the name of his Son, God said who he is—“He who saves.” He who does nothing but saves. In the Gospels, this name is repeated 566 times, almost to remind us that God’s images that are incompatible with this name must be deleted. Now we understand the reason why in the Old Testament God did not allow his name to be pronounced, because it is only in Jesus that he would have told us who he was.

In Luke’s Gospel, it is interesting to note that those who called Jesus by name are not the just or the perfect, but only those who are marginalized, those who are at the mercy of the forces of evil. They are the possessed (Lk 4:34), the lepers: “Jesus, teacher, have mercy on us” (Lk 17:13), the blind: “Jesus, son of David, have mercy on me” (Lk 18:38), and the criminal who dies on the cross beside him: “Jesus, remember me when you enter into your kingdom” (Lk 23:42). Peter would remind the religious leaders of his people: “No other name in fact under heaven is given to people, through whom they are saved” (Acts 4:12).

Indebted to Fr. Armellini SCJ for the textual analysis

©Claretian Missionaries

Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

2023(甲) 聖誕主日

致良善之人的聖誕訊息
瑪1:1-25

Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries, Macau

聖誕節喜樂!

聖誕節的對經是:“天主在天受光榮,善人在世享平安。”願和平的繈褓遮掩給人類營造的一切焦慮和掛慮。

聖誕節給我留下的印象,幾乎是不合情理,仁愛的誕生。在此之前,人不曾愛過嗎?當然,我們愛過,我們仍然在施行仁愛。然而,我懷疑,人類之愛的本質是自愛。甚至,我們在愛別人的時候,我也許會陷入愛別人之愛的自愛中。不知何故,人類之愛,缺乏最純粹的愛。最純粹的愛,就是天主。是在聖誕節降生成人的天主,是最純粹之愛的誕生。

對我而言,耶穌誕生場景中,最吸引人的事物,就是那顆明星。儘管這是愚笨的,我仍然保有,在我童年時期,對那顆星的幻想,我把那顆明星看作天主聖父伸出的,供人避風的明燈,使人為一嬰孩的誕生守夜,那要誕生的嬰孩,就是最純粹之愛。為那最純粹之愛守夜,是一個邀請,每個聖誕節的明星,向我們發出的邀請。在家庭中,在宗教之間,在國家之間,愛是脆弱的。除非我們共同為愛守夜,這愛可能會被遮蔽,會被遮掩。

令我時常感到驚訝的是:天主冒險自己的聖子交於脆弱的人性,這脆弱的人性,可能會受到打擊,甚至會被撲滅。但是,同一純粹之愛,起死回生,與同一人性,同為最純粹之愛。天主之愛的奧秘,令人困惑。我保有這樣的困惑,畢生為之著迷。

這聖誕節的訊息具有全球性。善人得享平安,是因為給他們誕下了一位救主。缺失和平 —— 人性的焦慮 —— 令天主受到觸動,以致天主派遣了祂的聖子,作為良藥。天使介紹說:祂是救世主。人不能從一種境況中解脫,或擺脫可能的死亡,那時就需要一位元救主。至於人性,當人陷入不可贖回的困頓時,人所等待的,就是救主。聖誕節,恰好就是給人希望。厄瑪努耳就是那位救主。祂和我們一起生活,祂在我們內。祂藉由人對他人的照料,仍然在人間。

聖誕節也是聖家非常擬人化的故事,這個聖家有自己的夢想。我們也會編織夢想,至少,在不知不覺中。關於這些夢想的敘述,給我們燃起了對明天的渴望。瑪利亞對天使說“是”的時候,這改變了她的世界觀,她的夢想,也改變了她想要扶養的小小家庭的夢想。這也打擊了若瑟的夢想。夜間的夢境,大多與日間大腦所關注的有關。若瑟決定暗自與瑪利亞離婚,就在那晚,他睡著了。當他的夢想破滅時,天主賜給他另一個夢。基於天主的勸告,他改變了自己的決定。

天主賜給他的新的夢想,可能是要他保護他不擔責的,這個母親和孩子。當若瑟決定照料那無需擔責的他人的生命,掛念他無需擔責的人,天主的可能性就開始了。若瑟決定這樣做的時候,就成就了聖誕節。

若瑟原對此心存遲疑。新的夢境,消除了他的疑慮。我們心存疑慮的時候,常能做出一個能照料和包容絕大多數人的決定。大多數人的決定是:只照管自己的生命,這極有可能失去照管將要誕生的基督的機會。

聖誕節是眾人基於屬人的標準,決定照顧自己無需擔責之人的名字。基督誕生在良善之人的心中。除去季節的因素,每行善一次,那就是聖誕節。願你在每個禮儀季節中都慶祝聖誕節!

©全屬於禰(Totus Tuus) & Claretian Missionaries(聖母聖心愛子會)& Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF

Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

2023(甲)圣诞主日

致良善之人的圣诞讯息
玛1:1-25

Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries, Macau

圣诞节喜乐!

圣诞节的对经是:“天主在天受光荣,善人在世享平安。”愿和平的襁褓遮掩给人类营造的一切焦虑和挂虑。

圣诞节给我留下的印象,几乎是不合情理,仁爱的诞生。在此之前,人不曾爱过吗?当然,我们爱过,我们仍然在施行仁爱。然而,我怀疑,人类之爱的本质是自爱。甚至,我们在爱别人的时候,我也许会陷入爱别人之爱的自爱中。不知何故,人类之爱,缺乏最纯粹的爱。最纯粹的爱,就是天主。是在圣诞节降生成人的天主,是最纯粹之爱的诞生。

对我而言,耶稣诞生场景中,最吸引人的事物,就是那颗明星。尽管这是愚笨的,我仍然保有,在我童年时期,对那颗星的幻想,我把那颗明星看作天主圣父伸出的,供人避风的明灯,使人为一婴孩的诞生守夜,那要诞生的婴孩,就是最纯粹之爱。为那最纯粹之爱守夜,是一个邀请,每个圣诞节的明星,向我们发出的邀请。在家庭中,在宗教之间,在国家之间,爱是脆弱的。除非我们共同为爱守夜,这爱可能会被遮蔽,会被遮掩。

令我时常感到惊讶的是:天主冒险自己的圣子交于脆弱的人性,这脆弱的人性,可能会受到打击,甚至会被扑灭。但是,同一纯粹之爱,起死回生,与同一人性,同为最纯粹之爱。天主之爱的奥秘,令人困惑。我保有这样的困惑,毕生为之着迷。

这圣诞节的讯息具有全球性。善人得享平安,是因为给他们诞下了一位救主。缺失和平 —— 人性的焦虑 —— 令天主受到触动,以致天主派遣了祂的圣子,作为良药。天使介绍说:祂是救世主。人不能从一种境况中解脱,或摆脱可能的死亡,那时就需要一位救主。至于人性,当人陷入不可赎回的困顿时,人所等待的,就是救主。圣诞节,恰好就是给人希望。厄玛努耳就是那位救主。祂和我们一起生活,祂在我们内。祂藉由人对他人的照料,仍然在人间。

圣诞节也是圣家非常拟人化的故事,这个圣家有自己的梦想。我们也会编织梦想,至少,在不知不觉中。关于这些梦想的叙述,给我们燃起了对明天的渴望。玛利亚对天使说“是”的时候,这改变了她的世界观,她的梦想,也改变了她想要扶养的小小家庭的梦想。这也打击了若瑟的梦想。夜间的梦境,大多与日间大脑所关注的有关。若瑟决定暗自与玛利亚离婚,就在那晚,他睡着了。当他的梦想破灭时,天主赐给他另一个梦。基于天主的劝告,他改变了自己的决定。

天主赐给他的新的梦想,可能是要他保护他不担责的,这个母亲和孩子。当若瑟决定照料那无需担责的他人的生命,挂念他无需担责的人,天主的可能性就开始了。若瑟决定这样做的时候,就成就了圣诞节。

若瑟原对此心存迟疑。新的梦境,消除了他的疑虑。我们心存疑虑的时候,常能做出一个能照料和包容绝大多数人的决定。大多数人的决定是:只照管自己的生命,这极有可能失去照管将要诞生的基督的机会。

圣诞节是众人基于属人的标准,决定照顾自己无需担责之人的名字。基督诞生在良善之人的心中。除去季节的因素,每行善一次,那就是圣诞节。愿你在每个礼仪季节中都庆祝圣诞节!

©全属于祢(Totus Tuus) & Claretian Missionaries(圣母圣心爱子会)& Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF

Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

Homily for Christmas Sunday in Year A

Christmas to People of Goodwill
Mt 1:1-25


Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries, Macau


Merry Christmas!

The refrain of Christmas is “Glory to God in the highest and peace to people of goodwill.” May the mantle of peace cover every situation that creates anxiety and worries to humanity.

Christmas imprints in me an image, almost irrationally, of the birth of love. Has humanity not loved before? Of course, we have loved, we still love. However, I suspect at the bottom of all acts of human love lies self-love. Even when I love others, I might have fallen in love with myself loving others. Somehow human love falls short of the purest love. Pure love is God. It is God who incarnates on Christmas, the birth of pure love.

The most captivating item of the nativity scene for me has always been the star. In spite of its stupidity, I love to retain my childhood fantasy of the star as a hurricane lamp stretched by the heavenly Father to keep vigil for the newborn Baby, the pure love. To keep vigil for pure love is an invitation that every Christmas star extends to us. Love is very fragile in families, in societies and between religions or countries. Unless we commit to keep vigil for love, it could be shadowed and covered up.

What often amazes us is the adventure God takes in delivering his Son to fragile human nature, which would bruise and even attempt to extinguish it. But the same love resurrects and loves the same humanity. The mystery of Divine Love baffles. I let it baffle me to remain enchanted by it for a lifetime.

The Christmas message is universal. Peace to people of goodwill because a Savior is born for them. The absence of peace—the anxiety of humanity—has so touched the divine realms, so as to deliver the Son of God, the Prince of peace, as a remedy. The angel introduces him as the Savior. A savior is required when one is unable to get out of a situation or possibility of death. As humanity, fallen into irredeemable chaos, was awaiting a savior, Christmas happens to give hope. The Savior is Emmanuel. He lives with us, in us. He remains in humanity through people who care for others.

Christmas is also a very personal story of the holy family, which had its dreams. Dreams are hopes. We all weave dreams, at least unconsciously. The narrative of these dreams is what fires up our hopes for tomorrow. When Mary said a “yes” to the angel, it altered her world, her dreams, and the dreams of the little family she was hoping to raise. It also shattered the dreams of Joseph. Dreams at night are mostly connected to the preoccupations of the mind during the day. Joseph had decided to divorce Mary secretly when he went to sleep that night. When his dreams were shattered, God gave him another dream. On divine advice, he changed his decision.

The new dream offers him a divine possibility to protect this mother and child that he was not responsible for. The divine possibilities begin when one decides to take care of life, to take care of others one is not responsible for. When Joseph decided to do that, it became Christmas.

Joseph was in doubt. The new dream cleared his doubt. When we are in doubt, it is always good to make a decision that accommodates the care of the largest number of people involved. Most decisions taken to care for only one’s own are likely to be lost opportunities when Christ could have been born.

Christmas is the name for every decision one makes to care for those one is not responsible for by ordinary human standards. Christ is born in the hearts of people of goodwill. Christmas happens in every act of goodwill, irrespective of the seasons. May you have Christmas in all seasons….

Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF

©Claretian Missionaries & Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF

Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

Homily for 4th Sunday of Advent in Year A

Jesus, the God with us
Gospel: Matthew 1:18-24d


Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries


“Here’s how the birth of Jesus happened,” thus today’s gospel’s passage begins.Matthew emphasizes the intervention of the Spirit from the beginning of his story to avoid a misunderstanding that Jesus may have been generated by the intervention of a man.

The spirit, in this story, does not represent the male element. Ruah (spirit in Hebrew is female) indicates strength, a divine breath of the Creator. He is referring to the spirit of God that hovered over the waters at the beginning of the world (Gen 1:2).

The virginal conception that is even explicitly mentioned by Luke (Lk 1:26-39) is not intended to emphasize the moral superiority of Mary nor, still less, does it constitute a depreciation of sexuality. It is introduced to reveal a fundamental truth for the believer: Jesus is not only a man; he is from above and is the same Lord who has taken on human form.

There are many legitimate questions arising in us about this birth narrative. But Matthew is not interested in satisfying our curiosity. All he wants us to understand is this: the son of Mary is the promised heir to the throne of David announced by the prophets.

The conclusion of the story is solemn. The whole passage seems to have been written to prove the fulfillment of what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet: “Behold a virgin shall conceive and bear a son who will be called Emmanuel, which means God with us” (vv. 22-23).

The literal meaning of the orginal prophecy is the announcement of the birth of Ahaz’s son, Hezekiah. He was truly an Emmanuel, i.e., a sign that God protected his people and the dynasty of David, but did not answer all the expectations that had been placed in him. He did not even realize the promises of happiness, prosperity and peace described by Isaiah. He was not a wonderful counselor, an invincible warrior, an everlasting father, a prince of peace… (Is 9:5-6).

Here is what Matthew means: Jesus is the one who has fulfilled these prophecies. He is the son of the virgin announced by the prophet. He is really the Emmanuel, God with us. He will be given an everlasting kingdom, and he will fulfill all the hopes of Israel.

Just as in the beginning of the Gospel of Matthew, the theme of Emmanuel also returns at the end of the book with the parting promise of the Lord, “Behold, I am with you (Here, I am the Emmanuel) always even to the end of this world” (Mt 28:20). The reference to “God with us” opens and closes all the work of Matthew because, the evangelist tells us, in Jesus, God has placed himself, and remains always at the side of humankind.

The story also highlights the virginity of Mary. The term virgin in the Bible also assumes a more metaphorical meaning: the person who loves with an undivided heart. Virginity is the symbol of total love for the Lord. It is in this sense that Paul uses the term when he writes to the Corinthians: “I share the jealousy of God for you, for I have promised you in marriage to Christ, as the only spouse, to present you to him as a pure virgin” (2 Cor 11:2).

Mary has certainly realized to perfection even this ideal of virginity. For every Christian, she is the supreme model of total and undivided love to God.

Today’s reflection will be complete only if we go through the mind of Joseph who is the protagonist in today’s reading. A man, a righteous man, betrothed to a woman (perhaps just a girl) is eagerly awaiting his wedding. Then he learns from the woman that she is pregnant. He is surely not the father. Her explanation that it is through the Holy Spirit, perhaps she did not even know how to explain that, and might have narrated the angel’s story which Joseph might have found difficult to believe, like any man of our times. Joseph might have spent sleepless nights to get his dilemma solved, whether to marry or not this woman who carries another person’s child. He finally decides to divorce her privately to save from disgrace this woman he had begun to love passionately. It is after he decides to divorce that he gets the dream to accept Mary as his wife.

Dream is just a way of narrating how Joseph got an advice from God without any mediation from priests or prophets. Here the dream is not a reference to an unconscious activity in the mind that takes place while a person is asleep, but rather an answer to a question that disturbed Joseph’s waking and sleeping hours. In the dream he recognizes that God’s will was to accept Mary and the child. When the will of God was against his decision, he still followed it.

The act of Joseph has a lot to teach us about our processes of discernment. Often, we would like to assume that our decisions are the will of God, or we find justifications to act against the will of God. What is my process of discerning God’s will in the things that I do?

Indebted to Fr. Fernando Armellini SCJ for the textual analysis

© Claretian Missionaries
Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

2023(甲)将临期第四主日:耶穌,天主與我們同在

耶穌,天主與我們同在
福音:瑪 1:18-24d

Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries

“耶穌的誕生是這樣的。”這是今天福音的開篇。瑪竇從祂故事的開始,就突出聖神的介入,以避免人誤認耶穌的誕生,是由於人的介入。

在這則故事中,聖神所代表的,不是屬人的元素。Ruah(希伯來語中“聖神”的陰格)指的是力量,造物主的一口氣息。他指出,天主的神,在世界開始的時候,已翱翔在水面上。(參看:創1:2)

甚至在路加福音中,也提到貞女的概念(路1:26-39)不是為了強調瑪利亞的卓越品行,更何況,路加也不是為了貶低瑪利亞的人性。路加給信友們引入了一項基本真理:耶穌不僅僅是人;祂自上而來,同是天主,攝取了人性。

關於(耶穌)誕生的敘述,在我們中間提出許多問題,完全合理。瑪竇對滿足我們的好奇心,不感興趣。他總希望我們明白:瑪利亞的兒子,是先知所宣佈,(天主)預許要繼承達味寶座的那位。

故事的結尾很嚴肅。整段經文似乎是為了證明上主藉著先知所預言的經文已經應驗:“看,一位貞女將要懷孕,並要生子,祂要被稱作厄瑪努爾,意思是:天主與我們同在。”(同上,22-23節)

原始預言的字面含義是:宣告希則克雅,阿哈次的兒子的誕生。他原是真厄瑪努爾,也就是天主保護自己百姓和達味王朝的預表,但是,這並沒有回答眾人在他身上寄託的全部希望。他甚至沒有實現依撒意亞描述的(天主)預許的幸福,繁榮,和平。他原不是神妙的謀士,無敵的戰士,永恆的慈父,和平之王(參看:依9:5-6)

瑪竇的意思是:耶穌是先知全部預言的實現。祂是先知預言的貞女之子。祂是真厄瑪努爾,是“天主與我們同在。”祂要被授予永遠的王權,祂要實現以色列人的全部希望。

正如在瑪竇福音開端,厄瑪努爾的主題,也呼應福音結尾,救主臨別的預許:“看,我要與你們同在(看,我是厄瑪努爾)”(瑪28:20)在瑪竇著作的開端和結尾提到“天主與我們同在”,是因為聖史告訴我們:天主把自己貼在耶穌身上,時常在人的身邊。

福音的故事也突出了瑪利亞的童貞性。在聖經中,貞女一詞具有隱性的含義:全心全意熱愛天主的人。童貞女是全然熱愛上主的預表。保祿在寫給格林多人的書信中,用了這個詞:“我與你們分享天主的嫉妒,因為我在基督的婚姻中,已把你們許給基督,把你們當作唯一的淨配,當作純潔的貞女獻給祂。”(格後11:2)

瑪利亞一定意識到:完全實現貞德的願景。為每位基督徒而言,她是對天主完全且不可分割之愛的典範。

只有我們理解今天福音的主人公,也就是若瑟的思想,我們才能完成今天的反思。若瑟是義人,他與一個女人(也許是一個小女孩)訂婚,正熱切期待成婚。接著,他從那女人得知:她懷孕了。他肯定不是那孩子的父親。她解釋說:這是藉由聖神懷孕,也許,連她自己都不知道如何解釋,她可能講述了若瑟認為難以理解的,天使的故事,若瑟可能同我們時代的任何人一樣,難以相信。若瑟可能經歷了一個不眠之夜,想要解決這個困境:是否要與這個懷上其他男人孩子的女人結婚。他最終決定:私下與她離婚,好能挽救他在起初熾愛的女人的名譽。在他做出離婚這個決定之後,他得到一個夢,接納瑪利亞作自己的妻子。

夢境,只是一種敘述若瑟在沒有司祭或先知的調解下,從天主那裡得到預言的一種方式。這個夢境,並非指向人在睡夢中開始的無意識活動,而是若瑟在清醒和睡眠之時,困擾若瑟的疑難的回答。在夢境中,若瑟意識到天主的旨意 :要接納瑪利亞和那個孩子 。當天主的旨意與自己的決定相違背時,他仍然遵循天主的旨意。

若瑟的行為,對我們個人分辨的過程,有許多啟發。通常,我們會認為:我們的決定,是天主的旨意,我們也會找到反抗天主旨意的正當理由。在我做的事上,我是怎樣分辨天主的旨意的呢?

感謝Fr. Fernando Armellini SCJ 對部分文段所做的分析

©全屬於禰(Totus Tuus) & Claretian Missionaries(聖母聖心愛子會)
Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

2023(甲)将临期第四主日:耶稣,天主与我们同在

耶稣,天主与我们同在
福音:玛 1:18-24d

Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries

“耶稣的诞生是这样的。”这是今天福音的开篇。玛窦从祂故事的开始,就突出圣神的介入,以避免人误认耶稣的诞生,是由于人的介入。

在这则故事中,圣神所代表的,不是属人的元素。Ruah(希伯来语中“圣神”的阴格)指的是力量,造物主的一口气息。他指出,天主的神,在世界开始的时候,已翱翔在水面上。(参看:创1:2)

甚至在路加福音中,也提到贞女的概念(路1:26-39)不是为了强调玛利亚的卓越品行,更何况,路加也不是为了贬低玛利亚的人性。路加给信友们引入了一项基本真理:耶稣不仅仅是人;祂自上而来,同是天主,摄取了人性。

关于(耶稣)诞生的叙述,在我们中间提出许多问题,完全合理。玛窦对满足我们的好奇心,不感兴趣。他总希望我们明白:玛利亚的儿子,是先知所宣布,(天主)预许要继承达味宝座的那位。

故事的结尾很严肃。整段经文似乎是为了证明上主藉着先知所预言的经文已经应验:“看,一位贞女将要怀孕,并要生子,祂要被称作厄玛努尔,意思是:天主与我们同在。”(同上,22-23节)

原始预言的字面含义是:宣告希则克雅,阿哈次的儿子的诞生。他原是真厄玛努尔,也就是天主保护自己百姓和达味王朝的预表,但是,这并没有回答众人在他身上寄托的全部希望。他甚至没有实现依撒意亚描述的(天主)预许的幸福,繁荣,和平。他原不是神妙的谋士,无敌的战士,永恒的慈父,和平之王(参看:依9:5-6)

玛窦的意思是:耶稣是先知全部预言的实现。祂是先知预言的贞女之子。祂是真厄玛努尔,是“天主与我们同在。”祂要被授予永远的王权,祂要实现以色列人的全部希望。

正如在玛窦福音开端,厄玛努尔的主题,也呼应福音结尾,救主临别的预许:“看,我要与你们同在(看,我是厄玛努尔)”(玛28:20)在玛窦著作的开端和结尾提到“天主与我们同在”,是因为圣史告诉我们:天主把自己贴在耶稣身上,时常在人的身边。

福音的故事也突出了玛利亚的童贞性。在圣经中,贞女一词具有隐性的含义:全心全意热爱天主的人。童贞女是全然热爱上主的预表。保禄在写给格林多人的书信中,用了这个词:“我与你们分享天主的嫉妒,因为我在基督的婚姻中,已把你们许给基督,把你们当作唯一的净配,当作纯洁的贞女献给祂。”(格后11:2)

玛利亚一定意识到:完全实现贞德的愿景。为每位基督徒而言,她是对天主完全且不可分割之爱的典范。

只有我们理解今天福音的主人公,也就是若瑟的思想,我们才能完成今天的反思。若瑟是义人,他与一个女人(也许是一个小女孩)订婚,正热切期待成婚。接着,他从那女人得知:她怀孕了。他肯定不是那孩子的父亲。她解释说:这是藉由圣神怀孕,也许,连她自己都不知道如何解释,她可能讲述了若瑟认为难以理解的,天使的故事,若瑟可能同我们时代的任何人一样,难以相信。若瑟可能经历了一个不眠之夜,想要解决这个困境:是否要与这个怀上其他男人孩子的女人结婚。他最终决定:私下与她离婚,好能挽救他在起初炽爱的女人的名誉。在他做出离婚这个决定之后,他得到一个梦,接纳玛利亚作自己的妻子。

梦境,只是一种叙述若瑟在没有司祭或先知的调解下,从天主那里得到预言的一种方式。这个梦境,并非指向人在睡梦中开始的无意识活动,而是若瑟在清醒和睡眠之时,困扰若瑟的疑难的回答。在梦境中,若瑟意识到天主的旨意 :要接纳玛利亚和那个孩子 。当天主的旨意与自己的决定相违背时,他仍然遵循天主的旨意。

若瑟的行为,对我们个人分辨的过程,有许多启发。通常,我们会认为:我们的决定,是天主的旨意,我们也会找到反抗天主旨意的正当理由。在我做的事上,我是怎样分辨天主的旨意的呢?

感谢Fr. Fernando Armellini SCJ 对部分文段所做的分析

©全属于祢(Totus Tuus) & Claretian Missionaries(圣母圣心爱子会)
Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

2023(甲)將臨期第三主日: 施洗者

施洗者
邀請人皈依
福音:瑪11:2-11

Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries

以色列人受先知教導,若干世紀以來,一直期待默西亞的到來。祂來到的時候,心靈上預備的越充分,性格越善良的人,越難認出並歡迎祂。連施洗者也猶豫不決。

今天福音的第一部分:我們看到,若翰被監禁了。施洗者的信徒,沒有從耶穌那裡得到關於令人興奮的(耶穌)介入干預的喜訊,他們開始動搖了。這些人的困惑,從何而來?答案十分簡單。他(若翰)一直期待在世上肩負匡複正義和真理的“拯救者”(參看:依61:1)他可能沒明白:耶穌為什麼沒有干預,把他從監獄裡放出來。他所期待的,一個嚴苛的審判者,一個責斥惡人的默西亞。事實卻令人吃驚 ,並不是 —— 這令他感到失望。

耶穌向洗者若翰的使者表明自己是默西亞,從依撒意亞先知書中擷取記號的文本(參看:依35:5-6,26:19,61:1)依撒意亞是給人帶來希望的先知,他曾預言:“在那一天,沒有一人會說:我生病了。”(參看:依33:24)

祂透過這些使者拋出這些疑問,邀請施洗者留意這些新的事實。新的世界已經來到:那些曾在黑暗中度生,迷失生活方向的人,如今正受福音的啟迪。先前跛足,不能往前走一步,走向上主,走向他們兄弟姐妹的,如今能疾步行走。先前對天主聖言充耳不聞的,如今聽從天主聖言,使自己速速受天主聖言引導。凡認為自己是苦惱無望的,開始聆聽這福音:“這也是你們的救援。”這裡沒有烈火 ,沒有嚇人的復仇。

天主的默西亞,並非若翰所期待的,擁有精力充沛,待人嚴苛的性格。祂的行事方式,令祂的前驅感到震驚,直到現在,令我們震驚不已。仍然有一些人,要求上主介入,懲罰惡人。仍有一些人,把某人的不幸,解釋作天主對作惡之人的懲罰。但是,天主看到祂的兒女(他們縱然不好),能對他們動怒,眼見他們受苦,能感到喜樂嗎?

耶穌以真福八端,取自瑪竇福音:“無意冒犯我的人是有福的。”結束祂的回答。這為施洗者的信徒而言,是一個甜蜜邀請,他們受邀,回顧祂的神學觀。

耶穌駁斥了若翰擁有的信條。施洗者和我們一樣,也想像一個大能的天主。他發現自己很軟弱,期待(默西亞)作出令人轟動的干預行為。然而,事件仍在繼續,好似默西亞仍未到來一樣。

施洗者是真信徒的預表。他的困惑良多,不知所措,提出許多問題,但是,他沒有否認默西椏,因為(默西亞)不符合他(料想)的標準。他對自己的信仰產生質疑。

耶穌毫不擔心誰會難以相信祂,誰會在奧秘和生活的困惑面前,失去信心,誰說自己不理解天主的思想,天主的行動。祂所擔心的是那些把自己的想法與天主的真理混淆起來,那些對全部疑問有現成答案的人,那些有刻板的教條行為的人,那些總不讓自己被質疑的人:有時候,這些信徒近似狂熱分子。

感謝Fr. Fernando Armellini SCJ 對部分文段所做的分

©全屬於禰(Totus Tuus) & Claretian Missionaries(聖母聖心愛子會)
Cum Approbatione Ecclesiastica 2022

2023(甲)将临期第三主日:施洗者

施洗者
邀请人皈依
福音:玛11:2-11

Fr. Jijo Kandamkulathy CMF
Claretian Missionaries

以色列人受先知教导,若干世纪以来,一直期待默西亚的到来。祂来到的时候,心灵上预备的越充分,性格越善良的人,越难认出并欢迎祂。连施洗者也犹豫不决。

今天福音的第一部分:我们看到,若翰被监禁了。施洗者的信徒,没有从耶稣那里得到关于令人兴奋的(耶稣)介入干预的喜讯,他们开始动摇了。这些人的困惑,从何而来?答案十分简单。他(若翰)一直期待在世上肩负匡复正义和真理的“拯救者”(参看:依61:1)他可能没明白:耶稣为什么没有干预,把他从监狱里放出来。他所期待的,一个严苛的审判者,一个责斥恶人的默西亚。事实却令人吃惊 ,并不是 —— 这令他感到失望。

耶稣向洗者若翰的使者表明自己是默西亚,从依撒意亚先知书中撷取记号的文本(参看:依35:5-6,26:19,61:1)依撒意亚是给人带来希望的先知,他曾预言:“在那一天,没有一人会说:我生病了。”(参看:依33:24)

祂透过这些使者抛出这些疑问,邀请施洗者留意这些新的事实。新的世界已经来到:那些曾在黑暗中度生,迷失生活方向的人,如今正受福音的启迪。先前跛足,不能往前走一步,走向上主,走向他们兄弟姐妹的,如今能疾步行走。先前对天主圣言充耳不闻的,如今听从天主圣言,使自己速速受天主圣言引导。凡认为自己是苦恼无望的,开始聆听这福音:“这也是你们的救援。”这里没有烈火 ,没有吓人的复仇。

天主的默西亚,并非若翰所期待的,拥有精力充沛,待人严苛的性格。祂的行事方式,令祂的前驱感到震惊,直到现在,令我们震惊不已。仍然有一些人,要求上主介入,惩罚恶人。仍有一些人,把某人的不幸,解释作天主对作恶之人的惩罚。但是,天主看到祂的儿女(他们纵然不好),能对他们动怒,眼见他们受苦,能感到喜乐吗?

耶稣以真福八端,取自玛窦福音:“无意冒犯我的人是有福的。”结束祂的回答。这为施洗者的信徒而言,是一个甜蜜邀请,他们受邀,回顾祂的神学观。

耶稣驳斥了若翰拥有的信条。施洗者和我们一样,也想象一个大能的天主。他发现自己很软弱,期待(默西亚)作出令人轰动的干预行为。然而,事件仍在继续,好似默西亚仍未到来一样。

施洗者是真信徒的预表。他的困惑良多,不知所措,提出许多问题,但是,他没有否认默西桠,因为(默西亚)不符合他(料想)的标准。他对自己的信仰产生质疑。

耶稣毫不担心谁会难以相信祂,谁会在奥秘和生活的困惑面前,失去信心,谁说自己不理解天主的思想,天主的行动。祂所担心的是那些把自己的想法与天主的真理混淆起来,那些对全部疑问有现成答案的人,那些有刻板的教条行为的人,那些总不让自己被质疑的人:有时候,这些信徒近似狂热分子。

感谢Fr. Fernando Armellini SCJ 对部分文段所做的分析

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